Notes

Manual voice calls to non-DNC numbers require prior express consent but not written consent. ATCS-assisted calls require prior consent per the ATCS Act. Calling hours are 9 AM to 9 PM — stricter than the federal 8 AM to 9 PM window. Must identify yourself within 30 seconds.

ATDS Definition

Connecticut defines ATCS (Automated Telephone Calling System) as any device that can store or produce telephone numbers and dial them without human intervention. This is similar to the pre-Duguid federal standard.

Exemptions

EBR exemption available for manual calls. Licensed professionals with existing clients may qualify.

Statute

Conn. Gen. Stat. § 52-570c; § 42-288a

Notes

SMS marketing requires prior express written consent when using automated systems. The FCC one-to-one consent rule (Jan 2025) applies. Connecticut courts have not yet extensively litigated SMS under the ATCS Act, but the statute's broad language covers text messages.

ATDS Definition

Text messages sent via automated platforms fall under the ATCS definition. Any system that stores numbers and sends messages without individual human initiation triggers the consent requirement.

Exemptions

Transactional texts to existing customers may be exempt.

Statute

Conn. Gen. Stat. § 52-570c; § 42-288a

Notes

AI voice calls in Connecticut require prior express written consent. The ATCS Act was written broadly enough to capture AI voice technology. There is no specific AI disclosure requirement yet, but CUTPA's deceptive practices prohibition means failing to disclose AI use could be separately actionable.

ATDS Definition

AI-generated voice calls are treated as automated calling systems under Connecticut law. The ATCS Act covers any device that dials without human intervention, and AI voice systems clearly fall within this scope.

Statute

Conn. Gen. Stat. § 52-570c; § 42-288a

Notes

Prerecorded voice messages to Connecticut consumers require prior express written consent. The message must identify the caller and provide a callback number within the first 30 seconds. Violations carry $500 per call.

ATDS Definition

Prerecorded messages are explicitly covered by the ATCS Act. Any prerecorded or artificial voice message delivered via automated system requires prior consent.

Exemptions

Emergency notifications and certain government messages are exempt.

Statute

Conn. Gen. Stat. § 52-570c

Notes

RVM is not specifically addressed in Connecticut statute, but the broad ATCS definition likely covers it. Conservative approach: treat ringless voicemail the same as a prerecorded message requiring prior express written consent.

ATDS Definition

Ringless voicemail deposits are not explicitly addressed but fall under the broad ATCS definition as automated messages delivered to consumer phone systems.

Statute

Conn. Gen. Stat. § 52-570c

Notes

MMS marketing messages follow the same rules as SMS. Prior express written consent required for any automated sending system.

ATDS Definition

MMS messages are treated identically to SMS under Connecticut's ATCS definition.

Exemptions

Same exemptions as SMS apply.

Statute

Conn. Gen. Stat. § 52-570c

Notes

Unsolicited fax advertising requires prior express written consent under federal law. Connecticut defers to federal TCPA for fax regulation.

ATDS Definition

Fax communications are governed by federal TCPA and the Junk Fax Prevention Act. Connecticut does not have a separate state-specific fax statute.

Exemptions

EBR exemption available under federal law with opt-out notice on each fax.

Statute

Conn. Gen. Stat. § 42-288a; 47 U.S.C. § 227